Electric regulation



G. G. MILNE AND J. L. CRE-VELING.

ELECTRIC REGULATION.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 17, I917.

1 35 1 ,055, Patented Aug. 31, 1920.

INVENTORS UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE G. MILNE, OF RYE, AND JOHN L. CREVELING, OF WHITE PLAINS, YORK, ASSIGNORS TO GOULD COUPLER COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ELECTRIC REGULATION.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patentd Aug. 31, 1920.

Application filed February 17, 1917. Serial No. 149,222.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that we, GEORGE G. MILNE and JOHN L. CnnvELING, residing at Rye, county of lVestchester,'and State of New York, and lVhite Plains, county of Westchester, and State of New York, respectively,

7 have invented the newand useful Improvement in Electric Regulation set forth in the annexed specification, wherein our invention is explained, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Our invention pertains to that class of electric regulation wherein'it is desired'to automatically control the operation of a dynamo electric machine.

One of the principal'objects of our in-' vention is to provide a simple and rugged type of regulating means which may be so incorporated into the structure of a dynamo electric machine that the same may be considered as a self-contained, self-regulating,

dynamo.

A further-object of our'invention is'to cause such a d namo to be self-regulating in response to uctuations in a plurality of qualities or quantities so as to regulate the dynamo in a desired manner in response thereto. r I

A further object of our invention is to provide means whereby such a dynamo may be caused to respond automatically to such a plurality of fluctuations in a more or less independent manner as may be desired.

In the drawing, Figure I is a partial section and partial elevation of one form of dynamo in which our invention is embodied; c

Fig. II is a partial section of the dynamo shown in Fig. I, taken on the line. AB, showing a portion thereof in a different position of operation than shown in Fig. I; FigHIII is a diagrammatic representation of a system employing one of the preferred embodiments of our invention;

Fig. IV is a section of a portion of our invention; and

Fig. V is a modification which may be made in the system of Fig. III.

In Fig. I, 1 represents the housing or frame of a dynamo provided with the armature 2, having commutator 3, and carried by the shaft indicated at 1, which is supported in any suitable type of bearings, not shown. The armature is revolved between polar faces a and 6, the pole piece 5 being a porof a screw, shown in dotted lines in tion of the frame 1, while the polar face 6 is bored into the member 7 fitted snugly into the'frame 1 and secured in place as by bolts or screws 8. The member 7 is surrounded by the coils 9 which may be of any desired character to set up the proper field for the dynamo. The member 7 is also bored to form a pole piece, as indicated at 10, and

the frame 1 is bored out to form a correbobbin or spool, preferably of brass or other non-magnetic material, indicated at 12, which may be held firmly in place by any suitable means, for example lugs 13 and screws 1 1. This bobbin is shown in section in Fig. II as wound with a fine wire 15 which we use when the same is to be employed in shunt to the dynamo, and is so shaped as to engage and hold in place the annular ball-bearings 16 which support the central shaft or cylinder 18, preferably of iron, and provided at its extremities with the cam-like extensions 19 and 20 which are shown in Fig. II as revolved 90 from the position shown in Fig. I. The members 19 and 20 may be firmly united with the member18 in any suitable manner, as for example split and held thereon as b means ig. I.

In Fig. I there is shown an adjustable spring 21 engaging a band 22 passing over sheave or roller 23 which tends to rotate members 1920 in a clockwise direction,

while movement in this direction is limited as by means of stop 24:.

In Fig. IV the bobbin or spool 12 is shown as provided with a shunt winding 25 and a series winding 26, forming a compound winding which may be used when desired.

In Fig. III there is shown a generator of the type shown in Figs. I and II, possessing a plurality of magnetic shunts which may be of similar construction to the ones shown in Figs. I and II, each capable of regulating the generator and respectively responsive to different functions of the generators operation. In this figure there is shown a system of electrical distribution wherein a generator is used to charge a storage battery and operate lamps or other translating devices in conjunction there with, and our invention is particularly applicable to this type of system, more especially when the enerator is driven atvariable and intermittent speeds, under which condition it is often desirable to regulate the generator in response to voltage fluctuations and at other times in response to curacross the generator mains; while the magneticshunt possessing members 18, 19 and 20 is shown as surrounded by a series winding 27 which is inseries with the generator and which may, of course, be placed in series with the battery circuit, as shown in Fig. V,

if desired.

An operation of our invention issubstan-' tially asfollows: With the dynamo of Fig. I used as a generator, for example, if its armature be revolved at appreciable speed and if" the coils 9 be properly wound, its

- field will build up in a well known manner and there will be present two magnetic circuits, one from the pole piece 6 through armature 2, pole piece 5 and shell 1 to the member 7, and the other from pole piece 10,

T" through member 20, member 18 and member 19 to the pole piece 11, and then through of the generator, depending, of course, upon.

shell 1 to the member 7. The flux through the first named magnetic circuit will tend to increase the voltage of the generator, while the flux through the second circuit by tending to shunt the lines of force away from the useful generator field will tend to weaken or cut down the electromotive force the number of lines thus shunted away from the main flux, which number of lines will depend upon the position of the shunt members 19, 18 and 20, which in Fig. I are shown in such position as to shunt' away very few lines from the main generating flux; while in Fig. II the said members are shown as revolved '90 into a position where they shunt away a considerable of the magnetic lines from the main field. The spring 21 tends to hold the members 18, 1Q, 20 in the position shown in Fig. I, while the tendency of the lines of force to leak from the pole piece 10 throu h. said members to the pole piece 11 and t e magnetization of the said nfembers by the coil '15 when properly wound, tends to cause the said magnetic shunting members to rotate'in a counterclockwise direction against the action of spring 21 into a positlon of greater shunting e ect. And we so balance the tendency of the spring 21 or other equivalent means tending to draw the said shunting members into the position shown-in Fig. I, against the magnetic moment or torque tending to rotate the members into the position shown in. Fig. II, that when the armature is revolving at the lowest speed capable of producing the desired voltage across its brushes the said shunting members will shunt away from the main magnetic field a very small gortion of the lines set up by the field coils.

ut, upon a very slight increase in voltage, the shunting members areso revolved as to shunt. away from the main field suflicient number of magnetic lines to so weaken the field that the voltage across the generator will be held substantially constant'throu 11- out the wide changes in speed. If desire a series windin may be employed, as shown at 26 in Fig. V, and the current output of the generator may be limited by the torque upon the magnetic shunt members, revolving the same against the action of the spring in a manner similar to that outlined above but responding to prevent a maximum current from being exceeded, instead of a maximum volta e. Or a compound winding, as shown in ig. IV, may be employed, and a composite regulation responsive to the resultant effect of current and voltage conditions may be effected.

In that modification shown in Fig. III, if the voltage tend to increase above a predetermined limit, members 19 and 20 will tend to swing toward the 1 position shown in the said figure, in such manner as to cut down the generating field and prevent a desired adjustable voltage from being exceeded. While, on the other hand, if the current tend to exceed a predetermined limit, the shunting members 19" and 20 will tend to swing toward the position shown -in the figure, and, by cutting down the generating field, prevent this maximum desired current from being exceeded. Therefore, with the proper adjustment of the coils 15 and 27 and the respective torques opposing the magnetic torque which may be a function of the current in said coils, the output of the generator may be regulated quite accurately, in such manner that it will be unable throughout wide increases in speed to maintain a voltage above the fully charged voltage of the battery. And, therefore, as the battery approaches'charg'e, its current will taper off or will never be supplied to the battery nor will the generator be over-loaded, even though the battery voltage be very low, as for example when in a discharged state.

While in the system shown in Fig. III the total generatorjoutput is held from exceeding a predetermined limit,it will be plain that by placing-winding 27 in series with the battery circuit, as coil 28 is shown in Fig. V, instead of the main circuit as shown in Fig. IV, the battery'charging current will be limited instead of the generator output.

It will be noted that we have produced a dynamo which may be regulated either in response to voltage fluctuations, current cease, while an undesirably large current ing functions.

fluctuations, jointly in response to current and voltage fluctuations, or independently in response to voltage or current fluctua-* tions, as desired; and that our means. for thus regulating the dynamo comprehend a rugged construction easily applied thereto and possessing no movable arts carrying current-or having windings t ereupon, an

that such magnetic members automatically act to control the operation of the generator in response to a plurality of chosen operat We do not wish-inany'way to limit ourselves to" any of the exact constructions or" details of operation givenabove to illustrate'an embodiment of our invention, for it will beobv-ious that wide departure may be made therein without departingyfrom the spirit and scope thereof.

lVhat' we claim is; v 1. In a dynamo having an armature and field exciting means, a plurality of means for regulating the dynamo by independently .diverting the field away from said armature and responsive independently to voltage and current, respectively.

2. In a. dynamo, the combination with 'an armature and means for maintaining a magnetic flux through said armature, of means for diverting a portion of the flux away from said armature comprehending a plu rality of movable. magnetic'members andindependently responsive means for controlling the positions thereof. 3. In a dynamo, 'the'combination withlan armature and means for maintaining a magnetioflux through said armature, of means for diverting a portion of the'flux away from said armature comprehending aplurality of independently movable ma etic members and automatic means responsive to the dynamos operation folcontrolling the positions thereof.

,4. In a dynamo,-,the' combination with an armature and means for maintaining a magnetic flux through said armature, of means for diverting a portion of the flux away from said armature comprehending a plurality of movable magnetic members and electromagnetic means responsive to voltage and to current of the dynamo for control ling the positions thereof whereby said members independently regulateithe dynamo.

5. Ina dynamo,.the' combinationwith an armature. and means .for maintaining a magnetic flux through said armature, of means for divertinga portion of the flux away from said armature comprehending a plurality of movable magnetic members and electroma netic means res onsive to a plu ralit of unctions of the ynamo for indepen ently controlling .the positions thereof.

6. In a dynamo, the combination with an,

. 9.. age battery, and translating devices, of means for. regulating said dynamo com- 7 prehending a magnetic shunt the position armature and means for maintaining-a magnetic flux through said armature, ofmeans for diverting a portion of the flux away from said armature comprehending aplurality of 'movable magnetic members. and electromagnetic means for automaticall independently controlling the positions t ereof, saidelectromagnetic means being refluctuations. v

"7; Ina dynamo, the combinatlon with an armature and means for maintain ng a magspons'ive to current fluctuations and voltage ,netic flux through 'said'armature, of means for diverting a portion of the flux'awayfrom said armature comprehending a plurality of movable ma netic members and electromagnetic means or automatically independently controlling the positions there-' of, one: of said members being responsive of whichis responsive to voltage fluctuations across the battery, and'a ma netic shunt-the position of which is responsive to current fluctuations.

.10. The combination with a dynamo, storage battery and translating devices, of

means for regulating said dynamo comprebending. a. magnetic shunt the osition ofwhich is responsive to voltage uctuations across the battery, and a magnetic shunt the position of'which is responsive to current fluctuations whereby the voltage impressed upon .the battery and the current supplied by the generator are both held within pre-'- determined limits. 1

11. The combination with a dynamo, storage .battery and translating. device's, of

means for regulating said dynamo comprebending a magnetic shunt the osition of which 1s responsive to voltage uctuations across the batter and a magnetic shunt the position of w ich is responsive to. fluctuations in the current delivered to the bat tery.

GEORGE G. MILNE. JOHNL. CREVELING. 

